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1.
ABCD (São Paulo, Online) ; 36: e1770, 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1519802

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Despite major advances in the clinical treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, some patients still present with acute colitis and require emergency surgery. AIMS: To evaluate the risk factors for early postoperative complications in patients undergoing surgery for acute colitis in the era of biologic therapy. METHODS: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease admitted for acute colitis who underwent total colectomy at a single tertiary hospital from 2012 to 2022 were evaluated. Postoperative complications were graded according to Clavien-Dindo classification (CDC). Patients with more severe complications (CDC≥2) were compared with those with less severe complications (CDC<2). RESULTS: A total of 46 patients underwent surgery. The indications were: failure of clinical treatment (n=34), patients' or surgeon's preference (n=5), hemorrhage (n=3), toxic megacolon (n=2), and bowel perforation (n=2). There were eight reoperations, 60.9% of postoperative complications classified as CDC≥2, and three deaths. In univariate analyses, preoperative antibiotics use, ulcerative colitis diagnosis, lower albumin levels at admission, and preoperative hospital stay longer than seven days were associated with more severe postoperative complications. CONCLUSIONS: Emergency surgery for acute colitis was associated with a high incidence of postoperative complications. Preoperative use of antibiotics, ulcerative colitis, lower albumin levels at admission, and delaying surgery for more than seven days were associated with more severe early postoperative complications. The use of biologics was not associated with worse outcomes.


RESUMO RACIONAL: Apesar dos enormes avanços no tratamento das doenças inflamatórias intestinais (DII), alguns pacientes apresentam quadros de colite aguda refratária ao tratamento clínico, e necessitam de cirurgia de urgência. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar os fatores de risco associados com complicações pós-operatórias precoces nos pacientes com colite aguda submetidos a colectomia na era das terapias biológicas. MÉTODOS: Pacientes com DII admitidos com colite aguda grave submetidos a colectomia total em hospital terciário no período de 2012 a 2022 foram analisados. As complicações pós-operatórias foram graduadas de acordo com a classificação Clavien-Dindo (CCD). Pacientes com complicações mais graves (CCD≥2) foram comparados com os menos graves (CCD<2). RESULTADOS: Foram submetidos a cirurgia 46 pacientes. As indicações foram: falha do tratamento conservador (n=34), preferência do paciente ou do cirurgião (n=5), hemorragia (n=3), megacólon tóxico (n=2) e perfuração intestinal (n=2). Reoperação foi necessária em oito pacientes, 60,9% tiveram complicações classificadas como CCD≥2, e três pacientes foram a óbito. Análise univariada identificou que uso de antibióticos no pré-operatório, diagnóstico de colite ulcerativa, hipoalbuminemia na admissão e período de internação maior que sete dias foi associada à complicações pós-operatória mais graves. CONCLUSÕES: Pacientes com colite aguda submetidos a cirurgia de urgência apresentaram alta taxa de complicações pós-operatórias. Uso pré-operatório de antibióticos, diagnóstico de retocolite ulcerativa, hipoalbuminemia na admissão e retardo na operação por mais que sete dias, esteve associado a complicações pós-operatórias mais graves. Uso de biológicos não se associou a piores desfechos.

2.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 59(3): 365-369, July-Sept. 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1403493

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Suspicion of food protein-induced proctocolitis based on empirical understanding of rectal bleeding can lead to misdiagnosis. Objective: to verify clinical and evaluative characteristics of patients who presented neonatal rectal bleeding and were on a restricted cow's milk diet. Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study included patients followed up in a tertiary care center, who presented rectal bleeding in the neonatal period. The analyzed data included gender, gestational age, type of delivery, use of antibiotics during the last trimester of pregnancy, use of parenteral nutrition before the first manifestation, use of mechanical ventilation, initial clinical manifestations associated with rectal bleeding, diet before the first manifestation, period of elimination diet, oral food challenge (OFC) results and symptoms presented in cases of positive OFC. Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney test were used to analyze the data. The level of significance was set to 5%. Results: Forty-two patients were selected: 30 preterm infants, 34 cesarean deliveries, 10 exclusively breastfed patients before rectal bleeding. Median age at OFC was 6.3 months old. Median of length of the elimination period before OFC was 5.9 months. OFC was negative in 33/42 (79%) patients and positive in 9/42 (21%). There was no association between OFC results and the evaluated data. The main symptom observed in patients with positive OFC was blood in stools. Conclusion: OFC was negative in most cases of suspected cow's milk allergy due to rectal bleeding in neonates, most of them with a history of prematurity.


RESUMO Contexto: A suspeita de proctocolite induzida por proteína alimentar (PCIPA) com base na compreensão empírica de sangramento retal pode levar a diagnósticos equivocados. Objetivo Verificar as características clínicas e evolutivas de pacientes que apresentavam sangramento retal neonatal e faziam uso de dieta restrita com leite de vaca. Métodos: Estudo transversal retrospectivo com pacientes acompanhados em um centro terciário, que apresentaram sangramento retal no período neonatal. Os dados analisados incluíram: sexo, idade gestacional, tipo de parto, uso de antibióticos no último trimestre da gravidez, uso de nutrição parenteral antes da primeira manifestação, uso de ventilação mecânica, manifestações clínicas iniciais associadas ao sangramento retal, dieta antes da primeira manifestação, período de dieta de eliminação, resultados do teste de provocação oral (TPO) e sintomas apresentados em casos de TPO positivo. O teste exato de Fisher e o teste de Mann-Whitney foram usados para analisar os dados. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Resultados: Quarenta e dois pacientes foram selecionados: 30 prematuros, 34 partos cesáreos, 10 pacientes amamentadas exclusivamente antes do sangramento retal. A idade média na ocasião do TPO foi de 6,3 meses. A mediana da duração do período da dieta de eliminação antes do TPO foi de 5,9 meses. O TPO foi negativo em 33/42 (79%) pacientes e positivo em 9/42 (21%). Não houve associação entre os resultados do TPO e os dados avaliados. O principal sintoma observado em pacientes com TPO positivo foi sangue nas fezes. Conclusão: O TPO foi negativo na maioria dos casos de suspeita de alergia ao leite de vaca devido a sangramento retal em neonatos, a maioria deles com história de prematuridade.

3.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 59(1): 40-46, Jan.-Mar. 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1374449

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease whose manifestations can drastically affect the individual's quality of life, and therefore adherence to treatment is important in order to keep it in remission. Objective To verify the prevalence of non-adherence and the influence of sociodemographic, clinical and pharmacotherapeutic characteristics associated with non-adherence to treatment of UC in remission. Methods Cross-sectional study conducted with 90 individuals diagnosed with UC in remission. The information was collected through interviews during medical consultations at Medical Clinic of Gastroenterology of Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. To verify the association of the variables under study with the outcome of interest and its measure of association, Student's t-test or Pearson's chi-square non-parametric test (P<0.05) was used and prevalence ratio and confidence interval were calculated. Results A high prevalence of non-adherence (77.8%) was found among patients with UC in remission. The individuals most likely to not adhere to the treatment were those aged less than 50 years, who were not engaged in paid work, with high scores for anxiety and who used more than one medication as part of the treatment of UC. Conclusion These findings reinforce that acknowledging the factors that influence the non-adherence behavior is of paramount importance for the development of strategies by health care professionals, assuring that those will be really effective to prolong, as much as possible, one of the most successful ways to maintain the UC remission period: the use of medications.


RESUMO Contexto Colite ulcerativa é uma doença inflamatória crônica que pode apresentar manifestações graves que afetam drasticamente a qualidade de vida do indivíduo e, dessa maneira, a adesão ao tratamento é importante a fim de manter a doença em remissão. Objetivo Verificar a prevalência de não adesão e a influência de características sociodemográficas, clínicas e farmacoterapêuticas associadas a não adesão ao tratamento da colite ulcerativa em remissão. Métodos Estudo transversal envolvendo 90 indivíduos diagnosticados com colite ulcerativa em remissão. As entrevistas foram conduzidas durante as consultas médicas realizadas na Clínica Médica de Gastroenterologia do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Para verificar a associação entre as variáveis com o desfecho de interesse, foi aplicado teste-t de Student ou teste não-paramétrico qui-quadrado de Pearson (P<0,05) e também razão de prevelência e intervalos de confiança foram calculados. Resultados Uma elevada prevalência de não adesão (77,8%) foi encontrada dentre os pacientes com colite ulcerativa em remissão. Os indivíduos mais propensos ao comportamento em questão foram aqueles com menos de 50 anos, sem trabalho remumerado, com escores mais elevados no teste de ansiedade e que utilizavam mais de um medicamento para o tratamento da colite ulcerativa. Conclusão Estes achados reforçam que o conhecimento de fatores que influenciam o comportamento de não adesão é de grande importância para o desenvolvimento de estratégias para a equipe de saúde, garantindo que estas sejam realmente eficazes para prolongar, tanto quanto possível, uma das formas mais bem-sucedidas de manter o período de remissão da colite ulcerativa: o uso de medicamentos.

4.
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ; (12): 536-542, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-928640

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES@#To study the features of intestinal flora in children with food protein-induced proctocolitis (FPIP) by high-throughput sequencing.@*METHODS@#A total of 31 children, aged <6 months, who experienced FPIP after exclusive breastfeeding and attended the outpatient service of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from October 2018 to February 2021 were enrolled as the FPIP group. Thirty-one healthy infants were enrolled as the control group. Fecal samples were collected to extract DNA for PCR amplification. High-throughput sequencing was used to perform a bioinformatics analysis of 16S rDNA V3-V4 fragments in fecal samples.@*RESULTS@#The diversity analysis of intestinal flora showed that compared with the control group, the FPIP group had a lower Shannon index for diversity (P>0.05) and a significantly higher Chao index for abundance (P<0.01). At the phylum level, the intestinal flora in both groups were composed of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Compared with the control group, the FPIP group had a significant reduction in the composition ratio of Actinobacteria (P<0.001) and a significant increase in the composition ratio of Proteobacteria (P<0.05). At the genus level, the intestinal flora in the FPIP group were mainly composed of Escherichia, Clostridium, Enterococcus, Klebsiella, and Bifidobacterium, and the intestinal flora in the control group were mainly composed of Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus. Compared with the control group, the FPIP group had a significant reduction in the composition ratio of Bifidobacterium and Ruminococcus (P<0.05) and significant increases in the composition ratios of Clostridium and Shigella (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Compared with the control group, the FPIP group has a reduction in the diversity of intestinal flora and an increase in their abundance, and there are certain differences in several bacterial genera. These results suggest that changes in the composition of intestinal flora at genus level may play an important role in the development and progression of FPIP.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Infant , Bacteria/genetics , Bifidobacterium/genetics , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/methods , Proctocolitis , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
5.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 20: eAO6500, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1375323

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To examine serum C-reactive protein levels and the prevalence of leukopenia in patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis undergoing treatment with azathioprine and/or mesalazine. Methods Retrospective observational study based on clinical and laboratory data collected from medical records of 76 adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with azathioprine, mesalazine or both. Sex, age, diagnosis, number of blood samples and elevated serum C-reactive protein levels during the follow-up period were recorded. The following variables were analyzed in terms of C-reactive protein levels and leukopenia episodes: sex, age, diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease and type of drug. Statistical analyses included multiple logistic regression and the Fisher's exact test for qualitative variables. Results Leukopenia was observed in 18.4% of patients and was associated with older age and higher doses of medication. In 44% of patients, C-reactive protein levels were high. However, symptoms were not associated with abnormal levels of this marker. Conclusion Regardless of symptoms, serum C-reactive protein levels were not a reliable indicator of controlled inflammatory bowel disease. Leukopenia was independently associated with older age and higher doses of medication and is a common side effect, which should be routinely monitored.

6.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 57(3): 311-315, July-Sept. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1131677

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are the primary inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), and its pathogenesis is related to genetic and environmental factors. Currently, the diagnosis of IBD results in a multidisciplinary approach with significant disadvantages, such as its invasive nature, time spent, and the fact that 10% of patients remain without diagnostic classification. However, new methodologies of analysis have emerged that allowed the expansion of knowledge about IBD, as the metabolomics, the study of metabolites. The presence and prevalence of such metabolites may prove to be useful as biomarkers in the diagnosis of IBD. OBJECTIVE: Analyze fecal samples for metabolic analysis in the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), providing differentiation between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. METHODS: This is an observational study with 21 patients diagnosed with IBD (ulcerative colitis 11 and Crohn's disease 10) and 15 healthy controls, all with the consent and clarification. The fecal extracts of all patients are submitted to a high-resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Hydrogen (1H-NMR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate and univariate pattern recognition techniques. Through the metabolomics of fecal extracts, gives us a characterization of employing a noninvasive approach. RESULTS: We identify some metabolites, such as lactate, succinate, alanine, and tyrosine, in the Crohn's disease fecal samples, and leucine, alanine, and tyrosine in the ulcerative colitis fecal samples. All the amino acids presented positive covariance for disease correlation. CONCLUSION: The results showed different metabolic profiles between IBD patients and healthy volunteers based on 1H-NMR analysis of fecal extracts. Moreover, the approach discriminated patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The metabolomics analysis is promising as a novel diagnostic technique for further IBD recognition and surveillance. New studies are necessary to validate these findings.


RESUMO CONTEXTO: A doença de Crohn e retocolite ulcerativa são as principais doenças inflamatórias intestinais (DII), e sua patogênese está relacionada a fatores genéticos e ambientais. Atualmente, o diagnóstico de DII resulta em uma abordagem multidisciplinar e apresenta desvantagens significativas, como sua natureza invasiva, tempo gasto e o fato de 10% dos pacientes permanecerem sem classificação diagnóstica. No entanto, surgiram novas metodologias de análise que permitiram ampliar o conhecimento sobre a DII, como a metabolômica, o estudo dos metabólitos. A presença e a prevalência desses metabólitos podem ser úteis como biomarcadores no diagnóstico da DII. OBJETIVO: Avaliar as amostras fecais por análise metabolômica no diagnóstico de DII, diferenciando os perfis metabólicos entre doença de Crohn e retocolite ulcerativa. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional com 36 indivíduos (doença de Crohn 11, retocolite ulcerativa 10 e 15 controles saudáveis), todos com consentimento esclarecido. Os extratos fecais de todos os pacientes são submetidos a uma espectroscopia de alta resolução por ressonância magnética nuclear de hidrogênio (1H-RMN) combinada com técnicas de reconhecimento de padrões multivariados e univariados. Por meio da metabolômica utilizando extratos fecais, foi possível obter uma caracterização adequada das doenças inflamatórias intestinais através de uma abordagem não invasiva. RESULTADOS: Foi possível identificar os seguintes metabólitos nos pacientes com doen­ça de Crohn: lactato, succinato, alanina e tirosina e, no grupo retocolite ulcerativa encontrou-se leucina, alanina e tirosina. Todos os aminoácidos apresentaram covariância positiva para a doença. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados demonstraram diferentes perfis metabólicos entre pacientes com DII e voluntários saudáveis, com base na análise por 1H-RMN dos extratos fecais. Além disso, pacientes com doença de Crohn e retocolite ulcerativa também podem ser discriminados usando essa abordagem. A análise metabolômica é promissora como uma nova técnica não invasiva de diagnóstico para melhor reconhecimento das DII. Novos estudos são necessários para validar esses achados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , Metabolomics , Feces
7.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 57(3): 272-277, July-Sept. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1131673

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Data regarding the prevalence of anemia in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are scarce in Brazil. Anemia and iron deficiency anemia have been known to cause significant functional impairment, lower quality of life, and higher morbidity and mortality and may be correlated with an impact on the cost of treatment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and risk factors for anemia and iron deficiency anemia in patients with IBD in a tertiary IBD unit in Southeast Brazil. METHODS: We conducted an Institutional Review Board-approved retrospective analysis of an adult IBD cohort (IBD Unit, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil) consisting of 579 patients between January 2014 and July 2018. Clinicoepidemiological data, hemoglobin measurements and serum ferritin were extracted from electronic medical records. Anemia prevalence was calculated among ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) phenotypes. Risk factors for anemia were also calculated. RESULTS: A total of 529 (91%) patients had complete blood counts available in their medical records. Only 35.5% of IBD patients were fully screened for anemia. The prevalence of anemia in IBD patients was 24.6% (29.1% in CD and 19.1% in UC, P=0.008). The anemia was moderate to severe in 16.9% (19.8% in CD and 11.4% in UC, P=0.34). The prevalence of iron deficiency was 52.3% (53.6% in CD and 51.2% in UC, P=0.95). Anemia of chronic disease was present in 14.1% of IBD patients. A total of 53.8% of patients with anemia were in clinical remission. CD was associated with an increased prevalence of anemia (P=0.008; OR=1.76; CI 95% =1.16-2.66) compared to UC. The penetrant disease phenotype in CD was associated with a lower risk of anemia (P<0.0001; OR=0.25; CI 95% =0.14-0.43). Active disease compared to the disease in clinical remission was associated with an increased risk of anemia (P=0.0003; OR=2.61; CI 95% =1.56-4.36) in CD. The presence of anemia was less frequent in patients with CD who underwent surgical bowel resection compared to those who did not undergo surgery (P<0.0001; OR=0.24; CI 95% =0.14-0.40). No differences in anemia prevalence were observed regarding CD localization, age at diagnosis, UC extension or biological therapy (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Despite the low levels of full screening, anemia and iron deficiency anemia were common manifestations of IBD. CD was associated with an increased risk of anemia, especially with active disease. In addition, patients with CD who underwent surgical bowel resection and penetrant disease phenotype in CD were associated with lower risk of anemia.


RESUMO CONTEXTO: Dados referentes à prevalência de anemia em pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal (DII) são escassos no Brasil. Sabe-se que anemia e a anemia ferropriva causam comprometimento funcional significativo, menor qualidade de vida e maior morbimortalidade e podem estar correlacionadas com um impacto no custo do tratamento. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência e os fatores de risco de anemia e de anemia ferropriva em pacientes com DII em um centro de referência de DII no Sudeste do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Realizamos uma análise retrospectiva dos pacientes com DII adultos, aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética Institucional do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil, constituída por 579 pacientes no período de janeiro de 2014 a julho de 2018. Dados clínico-epidemiológicos, níveis de hemoglobina e de ferritina sérica foram obtidos dos prontuários eletrônicos. A prevalência de anemia foi calculada entre os fenótipos de retocolite ulcerativa (RCU) e doença de Crohn (DC). Fatores de risco para anemia também foram calculados. RESULTADOS: Um total de 529 (91%) pacientes tinha disponível o exame de hemograma completo em seus prontuários médicos. Apenas 35,5% dos pacientes com DII tinha o rastreamento completo para anemia. A prevalência de anemia nos pacientes com DII foi de 24,6% (29,1% na DC e 19,1% na RCU, P=0,008). A anemia foi moderada a grave em 16,9% (19,8% na DC e 11,4% na RCU, P=0,34). A prevalência de deficiência de ferro foi de 52,3% (53,6% na DC e 51,2% na RCU, P=0,95). Anemia de doença crônica estava presente em 14,1% dos pacientes com DII. Um total de 53,8% dos pacientes com anemia estavam em remissão clínica. A DC esteve associada a um aumento da prevalência de anemia (P=0,008; OR=1,76; IC 95% =1,16-2,66) em comparação à RCU. O fenótipo da doença penetrante na DC foi associado a um menor risco de anemia (P<0,0001; OR=0,25; IC 95% =0,14-0,43). A doença ativa comparada à doença em remissão clínica foi associada a um risco aumentado de anemia (P=0,0003; OR=2,61; IC 95% =1,56-4,36) na DC. A presença de anemia foi menos frequente nos pacientes com DC submetidos à ressecção intestinal em comparação aos que não foram submetidos à cirurgia (P<0,0001; OR=0,24; IC 95% =0,14-0,40). Não foram observadas diferenças na prevalência de anemia em relação à localização da DC, idade ao diagnóstico, extensão da RCU ou terapia biológica (P>0,05). CONCLUSÃO: Apesar do baixo rastreamento completo, tanto a anemia como a anemia ferropriva foram manifestações comuns da DII. A DC foi associada a um risco aumentado de anemia, especialmente com doença ativa. Além disto, pacientes com DC submetidos a ressecção intestinal e/ou com fenótipo penetrante tiveram menor risco de anemia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/complications , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/epidemiology , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/etiology , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/epidemiology , Quality of Life , Referral and Consultation , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors
8.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 57(1): 8-12, Jan.-Feb. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1098061

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease encompasses pathological entities, the main being Crohn's disease and ulcerative rectocolitis. Both are characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestine. It affects young people of active age, compromising the situation of those patients, especially their quality of life, experiencing a strong deterioration in their clinical condition, from physical to social and emotional aspects. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the quality of life of patients assisted in the multidisciplinary reference outpatient clinic for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, through sociodemographic data and specific questionnaires on the disease, evaluating the intestinal and systemic symptoms and the social and emotional aspects. Make a comparison between the two scales used to obtain the data. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in which patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease were evaluated and observed at a reference outpatient clinic for treatment from May 2017 through December 2018. The participants responded to the Socio-demographic and Clinical Protocol, the SF-36 general quality of life questionnaire and the specific Inflammatory Bowel Disease questionnaire, in addition the correlation between the two scales was performed using Pearson's Correlation (metric scale), which data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and the significance level adopted was 5% (P≤0.05). The population studied consisted of 71 patients, excluding pregnant or nursing women and patients under 18 years of age. RESULTS: Seventy-one patients participated in the study, with an average age of 46.5 years and standard deviation of ±13.8; 45 patients had Crohn's disease and 26 were diagnosed with ulcerative rectocolitis; 73.2% were women; 64.8% married; 8.4%, smokers; 50.7% reported practising some type of physical activity. A good distribution of patients was observed between the domains of each questionnaire; no low scores were found for quality of life, and systemic symptoms and emotional aspects were those with the lowest scores among the parameters of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire; physical (40.6±44.4) and emotional aspects (49.5±46.0) had lower scores among the Short Form-36 domains. The correlation between the two questionnaires proved to be significant. CONCLUSION: The clinical profile of the patients followed the characteristics of distribution and prevalence of these diseases. The impact of diseases on quality of life was observed in several aspects, especially those related to psychological components. Multidisciplinary follow-up, as well as psychological, social, nutritional and educational support should be considered important determinants to maintain or improve the quality of life of these patients.


RESUMO CONTEXTO: A doença inflamatória intestinal engloba entidades patológicas, sendo as principais a doença de Crohn e a retocolite ulcerativa. Ambas se caracterizam por inflamação crônica do intestino. Acomete jovens em idade ativa comprometendo a situação desses pacientes, principalmente a qualidade de vida, que sofre uma forte deterioração frente à condição clínica dos portadores, desde aspectos físicos como também sociais e emocionais. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes atendidos no ambulatório multidisciplinar de referência para o tratamento de doenças inflamatórias intestinais, através de dados sociodemográficos e de questionários específicos sobre a doença, avaliando os sintomas intestinais e sistêmicos e os aspectos sociais e emocionais. Realizar um comparativo entre os questionários específicos utilizados para obtenção dos dados. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se um estudo de corte transversal em que foram avaliados pacientes com diagnóstico de doença inflamatória intestinal, acompanhados em um ambulatório de referência para o tratamento, entre maio de 2017 e dezembro de 2018. Os participantes responderam ao Protocolo Sociodemográfico e Clínico, ao questionário de qualidade de vida geral SF-36 e ao específico Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire, além da correlação realizada entre as duas escalas através da Correlação de Pearson (escala métrica), cujos dados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva e o nível de significância adotado foi de 5% (P≤0,05%). A amostra contou com 71 pacientes, sendo excluídos do trabalho gestantes ou nutrizes e menores de 18 anos. RESULTADOS: Setenta e um pacientes participaram do estudo, com média de idade de 46,5 anos e desvio padrão de ±13,8; 45 eram portadores de doença de Crohn e 26 possuíam o diagnóstico de retocolite ulcerativa; 73,2% eram mulheres; 64,8% casados; 8,4%, fumantes; 50,7% relataram fazer algum tipo de atividade física. Foi observada boa distribuição dos pacientes entre os domínios de cada questionário; não foram encontrados baixos escores para a qualidade de vida, sendo os sintomas sistêmicos e os aspectos emocionais aqueles com menor pontuação dentre os parâmetros do Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire; os aspectos físicos (40,6±44,4) e os emocionais (49.5±46.0) tiveram menor pontuação entre os domínios do SF-36. A correlação entre os dois questionários mostrou-se significativa. CONCLUSÃO: O perfil clínico dos pacientes seguiu as características de distribuição e prevalência dessas doenças. O impacto das doenças na qualidade de vida foi observado em diversos aspectos, principalmente os relacionados aos componentes psicológicos. O acompanhamento multidisciplinar, bem como suporte psicológico, social, nutricional e educacional devem ser considerados importantes determinantes para manter ou melhorar a qualidade de vida desses pacientes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Quality of Life/psychology , Colitis, Ulcerative/psychology , Crohn Disease/psychology , Patient Care Team , Severity of Illness Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Ambulatory Care Facilities , Middle Aged
9.
Rev. gastroenterol. Perú ; 39(3)jul. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1508557

ABSTRACT

La criptococosis es una infección oportunista micótica típica en pacientes inmunocomprometidos especialmente con VIH. Se reporta el caso de una criptococosis primaria intestinal en una mujer de 57 años VIH negativo, que se presenta con un cuadro de un año de evolución caracterizado con dolor abdominal y hematoquecia. En la colonoscopía se observa una mucosa nodular y friable desde recto hasta colon descendente distal. Reportamos el primer caso de criptococosis en el Perú de localización gastrointestinal y en paciente inmunocompetente.


Cryptococcosis is a typical opportunistic fungal infection in immunocompromised patients especially those with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). We report a case of primary intestinal criptococosis in a 57 year old women HIV negative with one year of abdominal pain and hematochezia. Colonoscopy reveals nodular and friable mucosa from rectum to distal descending colon. We report the first case of gastrointestinal criptococosis in Peru in an immunocompetent patient.

10.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 56(2): 124-130, Apr.-June 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019462

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes a variety of immunosuppressants and biological agents, which increase the risk of infections due to altered cellular and humoral immunity. Prevention of these infections can be done through vaccination, however, patients with IBD are usually under-immunized. OBJECTIVE: Analyze the immunization status of patients with IBD and confront it with the current recommendations to verify if the immunization guidelines are being followed correctly. METHODS: Analytical cross-sectional study including 239 IBD patients being regularly followed in the Gastroenterology Service from Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná, which were subjected to a survey about their relevant demographic data and immunization status. RESULTS: The amount of patients that declared being unaware of their immunization status is high - between 34.3% (Tdap) and 52% (meningococcal) - excepting IIV, hepatitis B and HPV. The vaccines with the largest rates of patients declaring to have taken it are inactivated influenza vaccine (72.4%), BCG (55.3%), hepatitis B (48.3%), measles, mumps and rubella vaccine (43.8%) and DTaP (43%). The vaccines with the lowest rates of patients declaring to have taken it are Haemophilus influenza type b (0.8%), herpes zoster (2.1%) and HPV (3.4%). Patients that are being treated or have been treated with biological therapy have the largest immunization coverage for inactivated influenza vaccine (81%) and PPSV23 (25.9%), also they have the largest awareness rates for those vaccines. CONCLUSION: Although being a specialized service linked to a university hospital, vaccination coverage and patients' awareness rates proved to be below the desirable level. Vaccination and recovery of the immunization history is recommended immediately after the diagnosis of IBD, regardless of the use of biological agents. Those findings support the need of implementing hospital guidelines and constantly verifying its application by the multidisciplinary team in specialized services in IBD.


RESUMO CONTEXTO: No tratamento de doenças inflamatórias intestinais (DII) são usados imunossupressores e agentes biológicos, o que aumenta o risco de infecções pela alteração da imunidade celular e humoral. A prevenção de algumas dessas infecções pode ser feita pela vacinação, entretanto pacientes com DII apresentam baixas taxas de cobertura vacinal. OBJETIVO: Analisar a situação vacinal de pacientes com DII e comparar com a recomendação vigente na literatura para verificar se os esquemas de imunização estão sendo corretamente aplicados nessa população. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal analítico com 239 pacientes com DII em acompanhamento no Serviço de Gastroenterologia do Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná, os quais foram submetidos a um questionário sobre dados demográficos relevantes e sobre a situação vacinal. RESULTADOS: A taxa de pacientes que declarou não ter conhecimento de sua situação vacinal é alta - entre 34,3% (dTpa) e 52% (meningocócica) - com exceção das vacinas influenza, hepatite B e HPV. As vacinas com maior taxa de pacientes que declararam ter recebido a vacina são influenza (72,4%), BCG (55,3%), hepatite B (48,3%), tríplice viral (43,8%) e DTPa (43%). As vacinas com menor taxa de pacientes que declararam ter recebido a vacina são Haemophilus influenza b (0,8%), herpes zoster (2,1%) e HPV (3,4%). Pacientes que fazem ou já fizeram tratamento com agentes biológicos têm melhor cobertura vacinal das vacinas para influenza (81%) e PP23V (25,9%), além de maior conhecimento sobre o estado vacinal para essas vacinas. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar de se tratar de um serviço especializado ligado a um hospital universitário, a cobertura vacinal e o conhecimento dos pacientes sobre as vacinas estão abaixo do desejado. A recuperação do histórico vacinal e a recomendação das vacinas necessárias devem ser realizadas logo após o diagnóstico de DII, independentemente do uso de agentes biológicos. Esses achados indicam a necessidade da criação e monitoramento constante da aplicação de um protocolo pela equipe multidisciplinar de serviços especializados em DII.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/immunology , Immunization Schedule , Vaccination/statistics & numerical data , Vaccination Coverage/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Middle Aged
11.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 34(6): 1775-1785, nov.-dec. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-968977

ABSTRACT

This study intended to measure the scores of psych-emotional constructs and self-management in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), compare those scores according to the type of IBD, and verify the influence of these measures on self-management in health. This is a cross-sectional study performed at the outpatient clinic of a public Hospital. The patients were adults and diagnosed with IBD; they answered instruments of measure of self-esteem, anxiety and depression, health status and of activation. Pearson's correlation test and Student's t test evaluated the variables of interest. The level of significance was 0.05. We evaluated 65 patients (average age = 40.71; SD = 14.26). We found high score of activation (average = 57.5; SD = 13.38) and high score of self-esteem (average = 31.58; SD = 4.98), moderate score of anxiety (average = 8.24; SD = 4.38) and low score of depression (average = 5.47; SD = 3.53). Significant correlations were observed, from low to moderate magnitude, between the other measures and activation (p < 0.05). There were weak correlations between activation and time since diagnosis; anxiety and number of comorbidities (p < 0.05). We have concluded that patients with IBD presented high self-esteem, moderate levels of anxiety, low levels of depression and a high level of activation. Longer time since diagnosis was related with better self-management in health


Este estudo objetivou mensurar os escores de constructos psicoemocionais e de autogestão de pacientes com doenças inflamatórias intestinais (DII), comparar esses escores segundo o tipo de DII e verificar a influência dessas medidas na autogestão em saúde. Estudo transversal, realizado no ambulatório de um Hospital público. Pacientes adultos, com diagnóstico de DII, responderam instrumentos de medida de auto-estima, de ansiedade e depressão, estado de saúde e de ativação. Testes de correlação de Pearson e t de Student avaliaram as variáveis de interesse. Nível de significância de 0,05. Avaliamos 65 pacientes (idade média=40,71; DP= 14,26). Verificamos altas pontuações de ativação (média=57,5; DP=13,38) e de auto-estima (média=31,58; DP=4,98), pontuações moderadas de ansiedade (média=8,24; DP=4,38) e baixas de depressão (média= 5,47; DP= 3,53). Observamos correlações significantes, de fraca a moderada magnitude, entre as outras medidas com ativação (p<0,05). Houve correlações fracas entre ativação e tempo de diagnóstico, ansiedade e número de comorbidades (p<0,05). Concluímos que pacientes com DII apresentaram elevada auto-estima, índices moderados de ansiedade e baixos de depressão e elevado nível de ativação. Maior tempo de diagnóstico relacionou com melhor autogestão em saúde.


Subject(s)
Anxiety , Proctocolitis , Self Care , Self Concept , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , Crohn Disease , Depression , Self-Management
12.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 89(5): 630-637, oct. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-978135

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Introducción: La proctocolitis alérgica inducida por proteína alimentaria (PCA) es la forma más fre cuente de alergia alimentaria no mediada por IgE. El diagnóstico se realiza por prueba de provocación oral, sin embargo, no existe una prueba diagnóstica no invasiva para su diagnóstico. Frecuentemente en Chile se utiliza la prueba de hemorragia oculta fecal (PHOF) para confirmar PCA, pero no hay estudios que respalden su indicación. Objetivo: Determinar la validez diagnóstica de la PHOF en la evaluación de lactantes con PCA. Pacientes y Método: Estudio de casos y controles con recluta miento prospectivo de lactantes con rectorragia y sospecha de PCA y lactantes sanos, en quienes se realizó una PHOF. Se indicó dieta de exclusión a los casos y luego se confirmó diagnóstico de PCA mediante contraprueba. Resultados: Se incluyó a 25 casos y 29 controles sin diferencias signi ficativas en edad, sexo, tipo de parto, alimentación o edad materna. Los casos presentaron con mayor frecuencia comorbilidades alérgicas, uso de medicamentos y antecedentes familiares de alergia. La PHOF fue positiva en 84% de casos y en 34% de controles (p<0,001). La sensibilidad de la PHOF para diagnosticar PCA fue 84%, especificidad 66%, valor predictivo positivo 68% y valor predictivo nega tivo 83%. El área bajo la curva ROC fue de 0,75 (IC 95% 0,61-0,88). Conclusiones: Si bien la PHOF tiene sensibilidad adecuada para detectar PCA en lactantes con rectorragia, resulta alterada en más de un tercio de lactantes sanos por lo que no se recomienda su uso habitual para el diagnóstico de PCA.


Abstract: Introduction: Food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP) is the most frequent presenta tion of non-IgE mediated food allergy (FA). The diagnosis is made by oral food challenge, however, non-invasive diagnostic tests are not available. In Chile, the fecal occult blood test (FOBT) is fre quently used to confirm FPIAP, however, there are no studies that support this practice. Objective: To establish the diagnostic validity of FOBT in the evaluation of infants with FPIAP. Patients and Method: Case-control study with prospective recruitment of infants with rectal bleeding and suspicion of FPIAP, and controls were healthy infants, in whom the FOBT was conducted. All cases underwent an elimination diet, after which the diagnosis of FPIAP was confirmed by oral food cha llenge. Results: 25 cases and 29 controls were included without significant differences in age, gen der, type of delivery, feeding, and maternal age. The cases had higher rates of allergic comorbidities, medication use, and family history of allergy. The FOBT was positive in 84% of cases and in 34% of controls (p < 0.001). The sensitivity of the FOBT for the diagnosis of FPIAP was 84%, specificity was 66%, positive predictive value 68%, and the negative predictive value 83%. The area under the ROC curve was 0.75 (CI 95% 0.61-0.88). Conclusions: Although the FOBT has an adequate sensitivity to diagnose FPIAP in infants with rectal bleeding, this test had abnormal results in more than a third of healthy infants. Therefore, the routine use of FOBT is not recommended for the diagnosis of FPIAP.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Proctocolitis/etiology , Food Hypersensitivity/blood , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Occult Blood , Case-Control Studies , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Food Hypersensitivity/complications
13.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 55(2): 198-200, Apr.-June 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1038706

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Janus kinases inhibitors have already been incorporated into the management of immune-mediated diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, and are being investigated for the treatment of psoriasis and inflammatory bowel diseases, both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Tofacitinib is an oral small-molecule drug that inhibits Janus kinases 1, Janus kinases 3, and, to a lesser extent, Janus kinases 2. This inhibition ends up blocking signals for several inflammatory cytokines that are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases and play a role in many immune signaling routes, including lymphocyte activation, function, and proliferation. We report a patient with active ulcerative colitis with primary non-response to three biologics (infliximab, adalimumab and vedolizumab), with different mechanisms of action, who refused surgical treatment and had a favorable response to tofacitinib with clinical and endoscopic remission. No adverse events were observed with the use of the agent. This case illustrates the difficulties we may face regarding the identification of the expression of proper mechanism of action involved in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis patients and the importance of having another treatment option with different mechanism of action, like tofacitinib.


RESUMO Os inibidores das Janus kinases (JAK) têm sido incorporados ao tratamento de doenças imunomediadas, como artrite reumatoide e, além disso, têm sido testados no tratamento da psoríase e doenças inflamatórias intestinais, tanto na retocolite ulcerativa quanto na doença de Crohn. Tofacitinibe é uma droga do grupo das pequenas moléculas de uso oral que inibe as Janus kinases 1 e 3 e, em menor grau, a Janus kinases 2. Esta inibição promove o bloqueio de uma série de citocinas pró-inflamatórias que estão envolvidas na patogênese das doenças inflamatórias intestinais e desempenham importante papel nos processos imunes, tais como ativação, função e proliferação linfocitária. Nesta presente comunicação, relatamos um caso de um paciente portador de retocolite ulcerativa refratária a três agentes biológicos (infliximabe, adalimumabe e vedolizumabe), com diferentes mecanismos de ação, que recusou o tratamento cirúrgico, porém, apresentou boa resposta com o uso de tofacitinibe, com remissão clínica e endoscópica. Não foram evidenciados efeitos colaterais com a droga. O presente caso ilustra as dificuldades que podemos enfrentar em relação à identificação da expressão do correto mecanismo de ação envolvido na patogênese dos pacientes com retocolite ulcerativa e a importância de um novo agente terapêutico com diferente mecanismo de ação, como o tofacitinibe.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Piperidines/therapeutic use , Colitis, Ulcerative/drug therapy , Integrins/therapeutic use , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/therapeutic use , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Pyrimidines/therapeutic use , Pyrroles/therapeutic use , Integrins/antagonists & inhibitors , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors , Infliximab/therapeutic use
14.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 55(2): 192-197, Apr.-June 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950506

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Infliximab (IFX) therapeutic drug monitoring is an important tool to guide therapeutic decision in inflammatory bowel disease patients. Currently, there are two methods to measure trough levels of IFX, ELISA assays or rapid tests. Despite that the ELISA assay is the most used method in therapeutic drug monitoring, the results take long to be available for clinical use, and it needs to be performed by trained personnel. In contrary, the results of a rapid test take 20 to 30 minutes to be available and can be performed by non-trained lab personnel. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to compare a rapid test (QB-IFX) for quantitative determination of IFX level to one ELISA assay in a cohort of inflammatory bowel disease patients. METHODS: Cross-sectional multicentric study with 49 inflammatory bowel disease patients on maintenance therapy with IFX. Blood samples for IFX serum levels were collected immediately before infusion. IFX serum levels were classified as undetectable, low (<3.0 μg/mL), adequate (3.1-7.0 μg/mL) or high (>7.1 μg/mL). A sensitivity and specificity of each test and a comparison between tests was based on ROC curves. RESULTS: Thirty-four Crohn's disease patients and 15 ulcerative colitis patients in clinical remission were evaluated. The majority of patients had low or adequate serum levels of IFX. In relation to the serum levels proportions with the two methods, there was no significant difference (P=0.84). The ROC analysis identified a concentration threshold >2.9 μg/mL with the QB-IFX test (area under the ROC, 0.82; P<0.0001, sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 61.9%), and >3.83 μg/mL using the ELISA assay (area under the ROC, 0.96; P<0.0001, sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 92.9%). CONCLUSION: QB-IFX and ELISA assays to measure IFX levels were comparable. Both methods had accurate sensitivity and specificity to detect undetectable, low and adequate levels, but had showed low specificity for supra therapeutic levels of IFX.


RESUMO CONTEXTO: A monitorização dos níveis séricos do infliximabe (IFX) é uma importante ferramenta para guiar a tomada de decisão nos pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal. No presente momento existem dois tipos de métodos para quantificar nível sérico de IFX disponíveis no mercado: o ELISA e o teste rápido. O método ELISA é o mais usado em todo o mundo, todavia os resultados demoram de 1 a 2 dias para estar disponíveis para uso clínico. Além disso, o ELISA é um método que requer um técnico especializado para realizá-lo. Ao contrário, os resultados do teste rápido estão disponíveis em 20 a 30 minutos e esse pode ser realizado por um funcionário não especializado. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o teste rápido (QB-IFX) com o teste ELISA para determinação quantitativa do nível sérico de IFX em uma coorte de pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal multicêntrico com inclusão de 49 pacientes em terapia de manutenção com IFX. Amostra sanguínea para dosagem sérica do IFX foi coletada imediatamente antes da infusão. A dosagem sérica do IFX foi classificada em indetectável, baixo (<3,0 μg/mL), adequado (3,1-7,0 μg/mL) ou alto (>7,1 μg/mL). A sensibilidade e a especificidade de cada teste e a comparação entre os testes foram avaliados através de curva ROC. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 34 pacientes com doença de Crohn e 15 pacientes com retocolite ulcerativa em remissão clínica da doença. A maioria dos pacientes apresentou níveis baixos ou adequados do IFX sérico de acordo com ambos os métodos de dosagem. Não houve diferença significativa entre os métodos quando avaliados categoricamente (P=0,84). A análise da curva ROC identificou limites de concentrações >2,9 μg/mL com o teste rápido QB-IFX (AUC ROC, 0,82; P<0,0001, sensibilidade: 100%; especificidade: 61.9%), e >3,83 μg/mL usando o método ELISA (AUC ROC, 0,96; P<0,0001, sensibilidade: 100%; especificidade: 92,9%). CONCLUSÃO: Os testes QB-IFX e ELISA foram comparáveis para dosagem do nível sérico de IFX. Ambos os métodos são acurados e apresentaram boa sensibilidade e especificidade para detecção de níveis indetectáveis, níveis baixos e níveis adequados, porém mostraram pouca especificidade para níveis supra terapêuticos da droga.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Gastrointestinal Agents/blood , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Colitis, Ulcerative/blood , Crohn Disease/blood , Infliximab/blood , Biomarkers/blood , Cross-Sectional Studies , ROC Curve , Cohort Studies , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors , Drug Monitoring , Age of Onset , Middle Aged , Antibodies/blood
15.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(1): 1-7, feb. 2018. graf, tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-887426

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: Con el incremento de la proctocolitis alérgica inducida por proteínas de la dieta (PAIPD), son necesarios estudios que aclaren su fisiopatología y determinar marcadores no invasivos y sencillos para el diagnóstico y la evaluación del desarrollo de tolerancia. No hallamos estudios publicados sobre la función del índice de neutrófilos/linfocitos (INL) y el volumen plaquetario medio (VPM), que son marcadores no invasivos fácilmente medibles, en pacientes con PAIPD. Objetivos: Determinar la relación entre el INL y el VPM con el diagnóstico y desarrollo de tolerancia en niños con PAIPD. Métodos: Estudio transversal retrospectivo, los datos se obtuvieron del sistema de registros médicos, los síntomas y los resultados de laboratorio de los pacientes con diagnóstico de PAIPD fueron controlados en los consultorios de alergia y gastroenterología. Se compararon valores del hemograma al momento del diagnóstico con el grupo de niños sanos de edad y sexo similares. Resultados: Entre los 59 pacientes con diagnóstico de PAIPD, los varones representaron el 47,4% y las niñas, el 52,6%. El VPM y el volumen plaquetario relativo (VPR) eran significativamente más altos entre los pacientes con PAIPD en comparación con el grupo de referencia (n: 67) (p < 0,001). Asimismo, VPM y el VPR fueron significativamente elevados en pacientes que no desarrollaron tolerancia comparados con los que la desarrollaron (p= 0,01). Con el INL no hubo diferencias entre los grupos. Conclusiones: El VPM y el VPR se consideraron marcadores adecuados para predecir el pronóstico de los pacientes con PAIPD dado que son rápidos, costo-efectivos y fáciles de medir.


Background. Today, as a result of an increase in the frequency of food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP), there is a need for studies not only to enlighten the pathophysiology of the disease but also to determine simple, non-invasive markers in both diagnosis, and evaluation of the development of tolerance. No study has been found in the literature about the place of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and mean platelet volume (MPV), which are easy to calculate and non-invasive markers. Objectives. The purpose is to determine the relation between NLR and MPV with the diagnosis and development of tolerance in children with FPIAP. Methods. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, clinical, demographic symptoms and laboratory findings of patients, monitored with FPIAP diagnosis in allergy and gastroenterology clinics, were acquired from the patient record system. Hemogram values at the time of diagnosis were compared with the values of healthy children of the same age and gender. Results. Among 59 patients diagnosed with FPIAP, males constitute 47.4% and females constitute 52.6%. MPV and platelet crit (PCT) values were significantly high when compared to the control group (n: 67) in FPIAP cases (p <0.001). Also, MPV and PCT values were significantly high in non-tolerance developing cases when compared to developing ones (p= 0.01). Conclusions. Contrary to NLR, MPV and PCT values have been considered to be good markers in predicting prognosis in cases with FPIAP since they are quick, cost effective and easy to calculate.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Proctocolitis/complications , Food Hypersensitivity/complications , Inflammation/complications , Proctocolitis/immunology , Proctocolitis/blood , Biomarkers , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Mean Platelet Volume , Food Hypersensitivity/blood , Immune Tolerance , Inflammation/blood , Leukocyte Count , Neutrophils
16.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 54(4): 321-327, Oct.-Dec. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888220

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Adalimumab is a monoclonal antibody, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) inhibitor that has efficacy for inducing and maintaining remission in moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis. Real world studies with adalimumab in Latin American ulcerative colitis patients are scarce. OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical remission rates in induction and maintenance with adalimumab therapy in ulcerative colitis. METHODS: Observational, multicenter and retrospective study on a case series of patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis under adalimumab therapy. The variables analyzed were: demographic data, previous infliximab status, concomitant drugs, the Montreal Classification, disease activity (Mayo score) at weeks 0, 8, 26 and 52, or until the last follow-up. Clinical remission was defined as a partial Mayo score ≤2 and Last observation carried forward (LOCF) and Non responder imputation (NRI) analysis were used. RESULTS: Thirty-six patients were included in the study. With LOCF analysis, remission rates at weeks 8, 26 e 52 were of 41.7%, 47.2% and 47.2%, respectively. With NRI analysis, remission rates at weeks 8, 26 and 52 were of 41.7%, 41.7% and 27.8%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Adalimumab was effective in the treatment of moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis. Clinical remission was observed in approximately 40% of the patients at weeks 8 and 26, and in almost a quarter of the patients after 1 year of follow up.


RESUMO CONTEXTO: O adalimumabe é um anticorpo monoclonal, inibidor do TNF alfa, que tem eficácia comprovada na indução e manutenção da remissão na retocolite ulcerativa inespecífica moderada à severa. Há escassez de dados sobre o uso do adalimumabe na retocolite ulcerativa inespecífica em pacientes latino-americanos. OBJETIVO: Analisar as taxas de remissão clínica na indução e manutenção do tratamento da retocolite ulcerativa inespecífica com adalimumabe. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, multicêntrico e retrospectivo de uma série de casos de portadores de retocolite ulcerativa inespecífica moderada à grave que utilizaram adalimumabe. Variáveis analisadas: dados demográficos, uso prévio de infliximabe, medicações concomitantes, Classificação de Montreal, atividade da doença (escore parcial de Mayo) nas semanas 0, 8, 26 e 52, ou até o maior tempo de seguimento atingido. Remissão clínica foi definida como escore parcial de Mayo ≤2 e foi avaliada pelos métodos. Abordagem com base na observação mais recente (LOCF) e Imputação de não respondedores (NRI). RESULTADOS: Trinta e seis pacientes foram incluídos no estudo. Pela análise LOCF, as taxas de remissão nas semanas 8, 26 e 52 foram de 41,7%, 47,2% e 47,2%, respectivamente. Pela análise NRI, as taxas nas semanas 8, 26 e 52 foram de 41,7%, 41,7% e 27,8%, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: Adalimumabe foi eficaz no manejo da retocolite ulcerativa inespecífica moderada a grave. A remissão clínica foi observada em cerca de 40% dos pacientes nas semanas 8 e 26, e em cerca de 1/4 dos pacientes após 1 ano de seguimento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Colitis, Ulcerative/drug therapy , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use , Adalimumab/therapeutic use , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Severity of Illness Index , Retrospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Treatment Outcome , Middle Aged
17.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 87(6): 449-454, Dec. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-844564

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La alergia a proteína de leche de vaca (APLV) es frecuente en lactantes (2-5% en < 1 año). Tiene múltiples formas de presentación y un amplio diagnóstico diferencial, por lo que es relevante confirmar el diagnóstico. El estándar de oro del diagnóstico es el test de provocación oral (TPO), que en la práctica no siempre se realiza. En Chile hay escasa literatura respecto a esta entidad. Objetivo: Describir características demográficas, clínicas y manejo de lactantes < 1 año con sospecha de APLV. Pacientes y Método: Estudio retrospectivo en menores de 1 año atendidos por sospecha de APLV entre 2009-2011. Se registraron datos demográficos, historia perinatal, antecedentes de atopia, alimentación al momento del diagnóstico, síntomas de sospecha de APLV, estudios realizados para su confirmación, y respuesta a tratamiento. Se consideró como estándar de diagnóstico la respuesta a la dieta y la contraprueba. Se definió como respuesta a la dieta la ausencia de los síntomas atribuidos a la APLV al menos 4 semanas desde el cambio de leche. Se realizó estadística descriptiva mediante programa Epiinfo™. Resultados: Se incluyeron 106 lactantes, 51% varones, 80% recién nacidos de término, 74% con al menos un progenitor atópico, 34% con alguno de los padres o algún hermano con alergia alimentaria. La mediana de edad al inicio fue 1,5 meses (rango: 1,5-2 m). El 15% recibió fórmula desde el período neonatal y el 50% antes del tercer mes. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron: vómitos (63%), cólicos (50%) y rectorragia (40%); el 61% presentó ≥ 2 síntomas al comienzo. Solo en el 34% se hizo TPO, en el resto se evaluó la respuesta a la dieta de exclusión y se realizaron exámenes. La realización de exámenes no cambió la conducta. Tratamiento: 43% lactancia materna con dieta de exclusión, 24% solo fórmula extensamente hidrolizada, 26% solo fórmula aminoacídica y 7% otros. Conclusión: Las características demográficas y antecedentes de los pacientes concuerdan con lo descrito en la literatura extranjera. El inicio clínico fue precoz, predominando los síntomas digestivos. Se realizaron exámenes en una proporción alta de pacientes, sin contribuir a un cambio de conducta; el TPO fue subutilizado como herramienta diagnóstica.


Introduction: Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is highly prevalent in infants (2-5%). It has a wide clinical spectrum, and confirmation through an oral food challenge (OFC) is relevant for its differential diagnosis. Information on this topic is scarce in Chile. Objective: To describe the demographic and clinical features of infants with suspected CMPA. Patients and Method: A retrospective study of patients < 1 year-old, treated for suspected CMPA between 2009 and 2011. Demographic data, symptoms of atopy, nutrition at the time of diagnosis, CMPA symptoms, diagnostic studies, and response to treatment were recorded. Diet response at least 4 weeks after milk modification, and clinical behavior when suspected foods were added back to the diet were considered standard diagnostic criteria. Descriptive statistics were performed using Epiinfo ™ software. Results: The study included 106 infants, of whom, 51% male, 80% term newborns, 74% with ≥ 1 atopic parent, and 34% with ≥ 1 parent/sibling with food allergy. The median age at onset of symptoms was 1.5 months (range 1.5-2 m). Almost half (46%) were breast-feeding ≥ 6 m, with 15% receiving formula milk since the neonatal period, and 49% before the third month. Common symptoms were: vomiting (63%), colic (49%), and bleeding on passing stools (41%). No anaphylaxis was identified, and 61% had ≥ 2 symptoms at debut. Only 34% were subjected to OFC. The most frequently requested tests were, test patch (43%), prick test (40%), and blood in stools (37%). Treatment: 43% breast feeding with exclusion diet, 24% extensively hydrolysed formula, 26% amino acid formula, and 7% others. Conclusion: Demographic characteristics and risk factors were similar to those previously described in international literature. Clinical presentation was early in life, and digestive symptoms predominated. OFC was underused for diagnosis, and most of the tests requested did not change management.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Vomiting/etiology , Colic/etiology , Milk Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Milk Proteins/adverse effects , Vomiting/epidemiology , Breast Feeding , Chile , Colic/epidemiology , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Milk Hypersensitivity/epidemiology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/epidemiology , Milk Proteins/immunology
18.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 29(3): 201-205, July-Sept. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-796945

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: Acute severe colitis is a potentially lethal medical emergency and, even today, its treatment remains a challenge for clinicians and surgeons. Intravenous corticoid therapy, which was introduced into the therapeutic arsenal in the 1950s, continues to be the first-line treatment and, for patients who are refractory to this, the rescue therapy may consist of clinical measures or emergency colectomy. Objective: To evaluate the indications for and results from drug rescue therapy (cyclosporine, infliximab and tacrolimus), and to suggest a practical guide for clinical approaches. Methods: The literature was reviewed using the Medline/PubMed, Cochrane library and SciELO databases, and additional information from institutional websites of interest, by cross-correlating the following keywords: acute severe colitis, fulminating colitis and treatment. Results: Treatments for acute severe colitis have avoided colectomy in 60-70% of the cases, provided that they have been started early on, with multidisciplinary follow-up. Despite the adverse effects of intravenous cyclosporine, this drug has been indicated in cases of greater severity with an imminent risk of colectomy, because of its fast action, short half-life and absence of increased risk of surgical complications. Therapy using infliximab has been reserved for less severe cases and those in which immunosuppressants are being or have been used (AZA/6-MP). Indication of biological agents has recently been favored because of their ease of therapeutic use, their good short and medium-term results, the possibility of maintenance therapy and also their action as a "bridge" for immunosuppressant action (AZA/6-MP). Colectomy has been reserved for cases in which there is still no response five to seven days after rescue therapy and in cases of complications (toxic megacolon, profuse hemorrhage and perforation). Conclusion: Patients with a good response to rescue therapy who do not undergo emergency operations should be considered for maintenance therapy using azathioprine. A surgical procedure is indicated for selected cases.


RESUMO Racional: A colite aguda grave é emergência médica, potencialmente letal e o seu tratamento permanece ainda nos dias de hoje um desafio para o clínico e cirurgião. A corticoterapia intravenosa introduzida no arsenal terapêutico na década de 50 permanece como primeira linha de tratamento, e nos pacientes refratários a tal medida, a terapia de resgate pode ser com medidas clínicas ou colectomia de urgência. Objetivo: Avaliar os resultados da terapia de resgate medicamentosa (ciclosporina, infliximabe e tracolimus), suas indicações e resultados, e sugerir um guia prático para abordagem clínica. Métodos: Foi realizada revisão na literatura utilizando as bases Medline/Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Scielo, e informações adicionais em sites institucionais de interesse cruzando os descritores: colite aguda grave, colite fulminante e tratamento. Resultados: O tratamento da colite aguda grave tem evitado a colectomia em 60- 70% dos casos, desde que iniciado precocemente e com acompanhamento multidisciplinar. A ciclosporina intravenosa apesar de seus efeitos adversos, tem sido indicada naqueles casos mais graves com risco iminente de colectomia, pela sua rapidez de ação, meia-vida curta, e não aumentar os riscos de complicações cirúrgicas. A terapia com infliximabe tem sido reservada para os casos menos graves e naqueles em uso ou já expostos a imunossupressores (AZA/6-MP). A facilidade terapêutica, seus bons resultados a curto e médio prazo, a possibilidade de terapia de manutenção e também por agir como "ponte" para ação de imunossupressores (AZA/6-MP) tem recentemente favorecido a indicação de biológicos. A colectomia fica reservada para casos que não apresentaram resposta a terapia de resgate após cinco a sete dias de tratamento e nas complicações (megacólon tóxico, hemorragia profusa e perfuração). Conclusõe s: Os pacientes com boa resposta à terapia de resgate e não submetidos à operações de urgência, deverão ser considerados para terapia de manutenção com azatioprina, sendo procedimento cirúrgico indicado para casos selecionados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Colitis, Ulcerative/therapy , Severity of Illness Index , Algorithms , Acute Disease
19.
An. bras. dermatol ; 91(3): 306-310, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-787309

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Background: Psoriasis is immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disease with preference for skin and joints. The skin involvement occurs by hyperproliferation and abnormal differentiation of keratinocytes. It is associated with comorbidities, mainly related to the clinical manifestations of the metabolic syndrome. Increased TNF-alpha expression (TNF-α) is related to its pathophysiology. Infliximab is an intravenous drug that acts neutralizing the biological activity of TNF-α and prevents the binding of the molecule to the target cell receptor, inhibiting cell proliferation of psoriasis and other diseases mediated by TNF-α. A lot of infusion reactions have been described in the literature. Objective: To evaluate the adverse effects of intravenous treatment with infliximab, analyzing patients with psoriasis compared to those with other chronic inflammatory diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis). Method: Analysis of medical records and adverse events of 168 patients undergoing infliximab infusion for psoriasis and chronic inflammatory diseases treatment. Results: 168 patients who have used infliximab were evaluated, 24 had psoriasis and 144 had chronic inflammatory diseases. Only 2 (8.3%) patients with psoriasis showed adverse events requiring treatment discontinuation, and just 6 (4.2%) female patients with chronic inflammatory diseases experienced adverse events. Conclusion: Infliximab is a safe drug, with a low percentage of adverse events and there were more adverse events in women with chronic inflammatory diseases and in patients who received more infliximab infusions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Psoriasis/drug therapy , Antirheumatic Agents/adverse effects , Infliximab/adverse effects , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy , Spondylitis, Ankylosing/drug therapy , Crohn Disease/drug therapy , Sex Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism , Infliximab/therapeutic use
20.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 26(supl. 2): 35-44, 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-882452

ABSTRACT

A incidência da doença inflamatória intestinal (DII) tem aumentado nos países ocidentais nos últimos anos. Classicamente ela é dividida em doença de Crohn e colite ulcerativa. As manifestações clínicas mais comuns são a dor abdominal, diarreia, perda de peso e sangue nas fezes. A inflamação intestinal reduz a absorção de nutrientes. Manifestações extraintestinais podem estar presentes. Deve ser realizada a pesquisa de imunodeficiência primária em crianças com diagnóstico de DII antes dos dois anos de idade. Os exames laboratoriais devem incluir triagem de inflamação aguda e/ou crônica, avaliação de anemia e estado nutricional. Exames endoscópicos e de fezes são necessários, principalmente antes do início do tratamento. O seguimento ambulatorial e a solicitação de exames complementares devem ser criteriosos. O tratamento é difícil por se tratar de uma doença crônica, com fases de recidiva e remissão. Os medicamentos apresentam efeitos adversos, algumas vezes graves. A visão mais atual da terapia da DII baseia-se na modificação da história natural da doença, com o objetivo de alcançar cicatrização da mucosa, redução das complicações da doença e melhora da qualidade de vida do paciente. É fundamental acompanhar o crescimento linear, o desenvolvimento muscular, esquelético e puberal. O pediatra geral deve estar atento para o diagnóstico, solicitando os exames complementares e avaliando a necessidade de encaminhamento para um gastroenterologista pediatra.(AU)


The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in the Western countries has increased in recent years. Classically it is divided into Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. The most common clinical manifestations are abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss and blood in the stool. The intestinal inflammation reduces the absorption of nutrients, which increases susceptibility to micronutrient deficiency. extra-intestinal manifestations may be present. Primary immunodeficiency research in children diagnosed with IBD before two years of age should be performed. Laboratory tests should include screening of acute and/or chronic, evaluation of anemia and nutritional status. Endoscopic examinations and feces are needed, especially before the start of treatment. Outpatient follow-up and complementary tests should be judicious. Treatment is difficult because it is a chronic disease with phases of relapse and remission. The drugs have adverse effects sometimes severe. The most current view of IBD therapy is based on the modification of the natural history of the disease, with the goal of achieving mucosal healing, reducing complications of the disease and improve the patient's quality of life. It is essential to monitor the linear growth, muscle development, skeletal and pubertal. The general pediatrician should be aware of the diagnosis, requesting additional examinations and evaluating the need for referral to the pediatric gastroenterologist.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Colitis, Ulcerative/diagnosis , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Nutrition Assessment , Quality of Life , Diagnostic Imaging , Colitis, Ulcerative/prevention & control , Colitis, Ulcerative/therapy , Crohn Disease/prevention & control , Crohn Disease/therapy , Child Development , Clinical Laboratory Techniques
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